![]() Self-selected marriage: individuals select, then parents or guardians are consulted, who consider and consent, and where parents or guardians have the power of veto. ![]() Consensual arranged marriage: parents or guardians select, then the individuals are consulted, who consider and consent, and each individual has the power to refuse sometimes, the individuals meet – in a family setting or privately – before engagement and marriage as in shidduch custom among Orthodox Jews.Wedding of Emperor Pedro I of Brazil to Amélie of Leuchtenberg in the Imperial Chapel in 1829, three years after the death of his first wife Maria Leopoldina of Austria. ![]() In most other parts of the world, arranged marriages continue to varying degrees and increasingly in quasi-arranged form, along with autonomous marriages. Īrranged marriages have declined in prosperous countries with social mobility and increasing individualism nevertheless, arranged marriages are still seen in countries of Europe and North America, among royal families, aristocrats and minority religious groups such as in placement marriage among Fundamentalist Mormon groups of the United States. Similar historical dynamics are claimed in other parts of the world. As immigrants settled in and melded into a new culture, arranged marriages shifted first to quasi-arranged marriages where parents or friends made introductions and the couple met before the marriage over time, the marriages among the descendants of these immigrants shifted to autonomous marriages driven by individual's choice, dating and courtship preferences, and an increase in marrying outside of their own ethnic group. These marriages among immigrants were typically arranged by parents or close relatives from the country of their origin. They were sometimes called "picture-bride marriages" among Japanese-American immigrants because the bride and groom knew each other only through the exchange of photographs before the day of their marriage. Until the first half of the 20th century, arranged marriages were common in migrant families in the United States. Īrranged marriages were the norm in Russia before the early 20th century, most of which were endogamous. ![]() The boy and girl were typically told to get married, without a right to demur, even if they had never met each other until the wedding day. A marriage was a negotiation and decision between parents and other older members of two families. In China, arranged marriages (baoban hunyin, 包办婚姻) – sometimes called blind marriages (manghun, 盲婚) – were the norm before the mid-20th century. A man was typically limited to only one wife, though he could have as many mistresses as he could afford. The couple participated in a ceremony which included rituals such as removal of the veil. Orphaned daughters were usually married to cousins. For the marriage to be legal, the woman's father or guardian had to give permission to a suitable man who could afford to marry. Marriages were usually arranged by the parents on occasion professional matchmakers were used. Marriage in Greco-Roman antiquity was based on social responsibility. Some historical exceptions are known, such as courtship and betrothal rites during the Renaissance period of Italy and Gandharva Vivah in the Vedic period of India. Typically, marriages were arranged by parents, grandparents or other close relatives and trusted friends. In other cultures, people mostly choose their own partner.Īrranged marriages were very common throughout the world until the 18th century. The specific sub-category of forced child marriage is especially condemned. In many other parts of the world, the practice has declined substantially during the 19th and 20th centuries.įorced marriages, practiced in some families, are condemned by the United Nations. The practice remains common in many regions, notably South Asia, the Middle East, North Africa, Sub-Saharan Africa, and the Caucasus. In some cultures a professional matchmaker may be used to find a spouse for a young person.Īrranged marriages have historically been prominent in many cultures. ![]() Marital union organized by parties other than the coupleĪrranged marriage is a type of marital union where the bride and groom are primarily selected by individuals other than the couple themselves, particularly by family members such as the parents. ![]()
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